The hydraulic brain of an alien and a man who is unwillingly obsessed with mathematics are used to advance functionalism in a paper about “mad” and “Martian” types of this phenomenon. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this phenomenon which is sometimes equated with C-fibers firing.
ANSWER: pain [accept mad pain; accept Martian pain]
[10h] That paper about mad pain and Martian pain was written by this American philosopher. With Robert Stalnaker, this thinker advanced the variably strict approach to counterfactual conditionals.
ANSWER: David Kellogg Lewis
[10e] C. S. Lewis’s The Problem of Pain states that human pain and animal pain are insufficient to reject the existence of this entity. The existence of this entity is advanced by Thomas Aquinas’ five ways.
ANSWER: God [or a deity; accept specific gods like Allah or Yahweh]
<Philosophy>