Answer the following about Lewis Carroll’s work on logic, for 10 points each.
[10e] Carroll’s book Symbolic Logic was partly responsible for the popularization of this logician’s namesake diagrams, which generally consist of two circles with an overlapping section in the middle.
ANSWER: John Venn [accept Venn diagrams]
[10h] Carroll’s dialogue “What the Tortoise Said to Achilles” presents an unsolved paradox impacting this form of reasoning. Arguments following this form state that if P implies Q and P is true, then Q must also be true.
ANSWER: modus ponens [or modus ponendo ponens or implication elimination or conditional elimination or affirming the antecedent; reject “modus tollens”]
[10m] “What the Tortoise Said to Achilles” inspired many of the dialogues found in this book, including one used to introduce the MU puzzle. This book refers to structures that exhibit self-reference, such as Shepard tones and the lithograph Ascending and Descending, as “strange loops.”
ANSWER: Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid [prompt on GEB] (by Douglas Hofstadter)
<Philosophy>