A ruler of this historical state supposedly once traded livestock in Constantinople, inspiring his epithet “the Shepherd.” A perceived slight led a ruler of this state to nail the turbans of a group of ambassadors to their heads. A ruler of this state carefully noted in his journal that his forces had killed 23,844 enemies, excluding those burned and beheaded. This state won independence after its founder ambushed the forces of Charles Robert at Posada. A ruler of this state built the mountaintop Poenari (“po-ay-NAR-ee”) Castle before it was besieged by his brother, who was called “the Fair” or “the Handsome.” A leader of this state, which was ruled by the Basarab dynasty, attempted to assassinate the invading sultan Mehmed II in the Night Attack at Târgoviște (“tir-GO-veesh-teh”). In the 19th century, this state joined with Moldavia to form the United Principalities. For 10 points, name this state that was ruled under Ottoman suzerainty by Vlad the Impaler. ■END■
ANSWER: Wallachia [or Țara Românească; accept Muntenia or Oltenia; accept Voivode of Wallachia; accept Moldavia-Wallachia; accept United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia or Principatele Unite ale Moldovei și Țării Românești; reject “Romania” or “Moldavia”] (The rulers are Mircea the Shepherd, Vlad the Impaler, Basarab I, and Radu the Handsome.)
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= Average correct buzz position