When these phenomena are induced by a co-rotating interaction region, HILDCAA (“hild-kah”) events can occur during their recovery phase. The SWPC forecasts these phenomena using data from DSCOVR (“discover”), which replaced ACE (“ace”) in 2015. These phenomena’s Ap (“A-P”) index is an eight-point running average of their Kp index, which is a quasi-logarithmic value reported every three hours. Some of these phenomena are preceded by so-called “sudden commencements.” During the main phase of these phenomena, the Dst (“D-S-T”) index takes on large, negative values. These phenomena occur when the ring current is intensified past a threshold value. Detections of coronal mass ejections are used to forecast these phenomena and the resulting disruption to GPS satellites and power grids. For 10 points, auroras at unusual latitudes are caused by what phenomena in which the solar wind disturbs the magnetosphere? ■END■
ANSWER: geomagnetic storms [prompt on storms; until “solar wind” is read, prompt on solar particle events, SPEs, solar energetic particle events, SEP events, solar radiation storms, or solar storms by asking “what phenomena are associated with that event in this case?”; reject “substorms” or “geomagnetic reversals” or “geomagnetic excursion(s)”]
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= Average correct buzz position