Question

Julius von Mayer deduced this statement by intuition, but his poor understanding of physics prevented him from rigorously defining it. When the metric admits a timelike Killing vector field, this statement holds for a particle moving along a geodesic. This statement is equivalent to the argument in Institutions de Physique (-5[1])(“en-stih-too-see-YAWN deh fiz-EEK”) that the living and dead forces have the same measure. (10[1])The first derivation of this statement is credited to Émilie du Châtelet (-5[2])(“emily doo sha-teh-lay”). The principle of least action as stated (-5[1])by Pierre Louis Maupertuis (10[1])(“moh-per-TWEEZ”) requires trajectories to obey this statement, but Hamilton’s principle does not. (-5[1])This statement holds when the Lagrangian is invariant under (-5[1])time translations. (10[2]-5[2])This statement, (10[1]-5[1])which was once at odds with caloric theory, (10[2])was supported (10[1])by the measurement of the mechanical equivalent of heat by (-5[1])James Joule. For (10[1])10 points, what statement is expressed by the first law of (10[1])thermodynamics? (10[5])■END■ (10[9])

ANSWER: conservation of energy [or energy conservation or descriptions that energy is conserved; accept mass-energy conservation; accept conservation of energy and momentum or energy-momentum conservation; accept first law of thermodynamics until “first law” is read; accept descriptions that energy is converted from one form to another, such as “potential energy is converted into kinetic energy”; prompt on first law until “first law” is read; reject “mass-energy equivalence” or “conservation of mass” or “conservation of momentum”]
<Physics>
= Average correct buzz position

Summary

2023 ACF Nationals04/22/2023Y24100%0%42%127.13

Buzzes

PlayerTeamOpponentBuzz PositionValue
Swapnil GargUC Berkeley AIndiana A49-5
JD KrothIowa State ASouth Carolina A5910
Nikhil ChellamNorthwestern ANorth Carolina A71-5
Arya KarthikGeorgia Tech AWUSTL A71-5
Matthew SiffYale BIllinois A78-5
Maximillian NieburJohns Hopkins ANYU A8210
Caleb KendrickMaryland AYale A93-5
Aum MundheRutgers AGeorgia Tech B102-5
David BassVirginia AClaremont A104-5
Vivek SasseChicago BStanford A10410
Forrest WeintraubColumbia BImperial A10410
Karan GurazadaTexas AMinnesota A104-5
Adam FineChicago ABrown A10610
Geoffrey WuColumbia AChicago C106-5
Kevin YeUC Berkeley BFlorida B11410
Simon GorbatyDuke AOhio State A11410
Benjamin WeinerMinnesota BVanderbilt A11610
June YinWUSTL BPenn State A126-5
Geoffrey ChenCornell AFlorida A12910
Ian ChowToronto AMIT A14010
Dan NiCornell BHarvard A14110
Danny HanPenn AMcGill A14110
Charles HangWUSTL AGeorgia Tech A14110
S. A. ShenoyGeorgia Tech BRutgers A14110
Yash MandaviaIllinois AYale B14110
Tanis NielsenClaremont AVirginia A14210
Daniel SheinbergYale AMaryland A14210
Vincent DuNorth Carolina ANorthwestern A14210
Sean DoyleHouston ARutgers B14210
Connor BlakeChicago CColumbia A14210
Alex AkridgeIndiana AUC Berkeley A14210
Maxwell YeMinnesota ATexas A14210
Matt SchiavonePurdue AMichigan A14210
Alex SchmidtPenn State AWUSTL B14210