Max Tegmark and this experiment’s creator, John Wheeler, explained it by turning a Mach–Zehnder interferometer into a baseball diamond. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this experiment that inserts or removes a beam splitter after a photon passes through the first beam splitter to see when the photon “decides” to be a particle or a wave.
ANSWER: Wheeler’s delayed choice experiment [reject “delayed choice quantum eraser” or “quantum eraser”] (The illustration is only found in the full version of their “100 Years of the Quantum” article, found here: https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0101077v1.pdf, not the abbreviated version published in the Feb. 2001 issue of Scientific American.)
[10e] The delayed choice experiment can be done as a variant of this experiment in which light passing through two holes creates an interference pattern.
ANSWER: double-slit experiment [accept Young’s experiment or Young’s double-slit experiment; accept Thomas Young in place of “Young”]
[10h] This interpretation, which was put forth by a communist physicist, explains delayed choice experiments without forcing the past’s existence to depend on present observations. This now-spurned interpretation uses an additional guiding equation alongside the Schrödinger equation.
ANSWER: Bohm interpretation [or Bohmian mechanics, de Broglie–Bohm theory, pilot-wave model, or causal interpretation; accept David Bohm or David Joseph Bohm in place of “Bohm”]
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