This group represented the second Japanese visit to Europe, coming after a man named Bernardo 30 years prior. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this Japanese embassy, primarily composed of four teenagers, that toured Europe in the 1580s under the direction of Itō Mancio and Alessandro Valignano (“vahl-in-YAH-noh”). This embassy introduced the printing press to Japan on its return.
ANSWER: Tenshō embassy [or Tenshō shōnen shisetsu embassy; or Tenshō boys’ embassy]
[10e] Valignano was a member of this Catholic order founded by the author of the Spiritual Exercises. Francis Xavier, a member of this order, helped lead Catholic evangelization in Japan.
ANSWER: Jesuit Order [or Jesuits; or Society of Jesus; or Societas Iesu; prompt on SJ]
[10m] The Tenshō embassy met this pope just before his death and attended Sixtus V’s subsequent coronation. This pope implemented a recommendation from the astronomers Aloysius Lilius and Christopher Clavius via the bull Inter gravissimas.
ANSWER: Gregory XIII (“the thirteenth”) [or Ugo Boncompagni; or Gregorio XIII; or Gregorius XII; Iprompt on Gregory or Gregorian calendar]
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