Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal was skeptical of most accounts of these events, like those by al-Wāqidī, because they did not meet his criteria for “sound transmission” of historiographical works. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these events, oral histories of which were central to the maghāzī genre pioneered by al-Zuhrī and Mūsā ibn ʿUqba.
ANSWER: raids of Muḥammad [or battles of Muḥammad; accept military campaigns of Muḥammad or military expeditions of Muḥammad; accept Meccan caravan raids; prompt on deeds of Muḥammad or similar; prompt on answers like military expeditions or battles or raids by asking “led by whom?”; accept Mohamet or the Prophet Muḥammad in place of “Muḥammad”; reject “prayer battles”]
[10e] Maghāzī literature details raids against the Quraysh in this city. The Treaty of Ḥudaybiyyah allowed the followers of Muḥammad to make a pilgrimage to this city in 629.
ANSWER: Mecca [or Makkah al-Mukarramah]
[10m] Maghāzī texts are considered a subset of sīra literature exemplified by this historian’s 8th-century biography of Muḥammad. That biography by this historian only survives through edited versions made by ibn Hishām and al-Ṭabarī.
ANSWER: ibn Isḥāq [or Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq ibn Yasār ibn Khiyār]
<World History>