Horace Newton Allen reformed the Chejungwon hospital under this ruler, whose regent Heungseon Daewongun led the development of a bulletproof vest. For 10 points each:
[10m] Identify this ruler who names a period of westernizing reforms that took off after the assassination of Queen Min in 1895. This final Joseon king proclaimed the Korean Empire.
ANSWER: Gojong [or Kojong; or Gwangmu Emperor or Gwangmuje or Kwangmuje; accept Gwangmu reforms] (The bulletproof vest was called the myeonje baegab.)
[10h] Despite abolishing hereditary classes, Gojong’s Gwangmu reforms built on the expertise of this technocratic social class that included interpreters, doctors, and lawyers. Its station was just below that of yangban.
ANSWER: jungin [or chungin]
[10e] Hyeon Chae was among the jungin who produced these educational items. In Japan, nationalists have challenged the portrayal of wartime atrocities in these things such as sexual slavery of Korean “comfort women.”
ANSWER: textbooks [or schoolbooks; accept history textbooks or history books; prompt on books]
<World History>