This philosopher, who introduced Spinoza to the British public with the 1843 article “Spinoza’s Life and Works,” lived with the woman who produced the first English translation of Spinoza. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this philosopher and literary critic whose drift away from Comtean (“KAHM-tee-in”) positivism is evident in his five-volume book The Problems of Life and Mind.
ANSWER: George Henry Lewes
[10e] Lewes lived with George Eliot, whose novel Middlemarch is often analyzed as a fictionalization of this treatise by Spinoza that is “demonstrated in geometrical order.”
ANSWER: Ethics [or Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order; or Ethica, ordine geometrico demonstrata]
[10m] Eliot’s translation of the Ethics slightly dampens Spinoza’s “pantheism” by putting parentheses around these two words that follow “God” in a three-word phrase that is often used to summarize Spinoza’s metaphysics.
ANSWER: or nature [or sive Natura; accept God or nature or Deus sive Natura]
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