Margaret Palmer and Emily Bernhardt proposed five rules for achieving this task in river ecosystems after analyzing 37,000 projects in the NRRSS. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this practice of trying to help an ecosystem recover. For rivers, this process may involve dam removal to reestablish historical flow regimes.
ANSWER: ecological restoration [or restoring or word forms of restore; accept river restoration; prompt on rewilding]
[10h] This phenomenon, in which community composition depends on colonization order, affects restoration success. Tadashi Fukami showed that this phenomenon can lead to either alternative stable or transient states.
ANSWER: priority effects
[10e] In this doubly-eponymous model of competition, priority effects arise when each species has more negative effects on the other than on itself. This model shares its name with a similar set of equations modeling predation.
ANSWER: Lotka–Volterra competition model [or competitive Lotka–Volterra equations]
<Biology>