Penelope Eckert and Sally McConnell-Ginet have described these groups as places “where language, gender, and power all live.” For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this term coined by Jean Lave (“jeen layv”) and Etienne Wenger (“WENG-er”) for groups of people who share a common interest.
ANSWER: communities of practice [or community of practice; or CoP]
[10e] Eckert and McConnell-Ginet prefer the notion of communities of practice to John Gumperz’s notion of communities named for this term. Performative utterances are examples of “acts” named for this term, which also include requests and greetings.
ANSWER: speech [accept speech acts; accept speech communities; reject “speaking” or other similar answers]
[10m] Gumperz traced the study of speech communities back to dialectologists drawing these geographic boundary lines that separate different realizations of a linguistic feature. The “centum-satem” (“SEN-tum-SAH-tem”) line is one of these lines.
ANSWER: isoglosses [or heteroglosses; accept bundles of isoglosses]
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