Two answers in the original language required. In a khutba addressed to the “ghuraba,” or the strangers, Ghazala Anwar argues for a genderfluid reading of Allah using these two names. For 10 points each:
[10m] Give these two most frequently-invoked names of Allah whose common trilateral root also forms the Arabic words for “womb” and “mother’s love.”
ANSWER: ar-Rahman and ar-Rahim [accept al-Rahman and al-Rahim; prompt on Most Gracious and Most Merciful] (“Womb” in Arabic is rahm; “mother’s love” is rahmah.)
[10h] Anwar argues for the porosity of gender difference using this thinker's concept of barzakh. This scholar held that “humanity unites male and female, and in it maleness and femaleness are contingencies, not a human reality.”
ANSWER: Ibn ʿArabī [or al-Qushayri; or Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-ʿArabī al-Tā’ī al-Ḥātimī; accept ash-Shaykh al-Akbar; reject “ʿArabī” alone]
[10e] Anwar holds that practicing Islam guided by divine rahma makes one part of the ghuraba, whose strangeness she links to a theory named for this term. That theory named for this term studies deviations from heteronormativity.
ANSWER: queer
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