Teichoic acids expand the layer of this polymer in the cell wall. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this polymer formed by beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds between N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid. In Gram staining, a bacterium is called Gram-positive if it contains this polymer.
ANSWER: peptidoglycan
[10e] This species of rod-shaped bacteria is easily identifiable by Gram staining. This Gram-negative bacteria is often found in the lower intestine of organisms and is infamous for causing food poisoning.
ANSWER: E. coli [or Escherichia coli]
[10h] The primary dye used in Gram staining is this triarylmethane compound. This dye can be produced via the condensation of formaldehyde and dimethylaniline, and is contrasted by safranin.
ANSWER: Crystal violet [or gentian violet or methyl violet 10B or hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride; prompt on violet]
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