Francesco Algorotti’s “Essay on [this art form]” advocated for a return to its basics. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this art form, whose “reform” variant was championed by Christoph Willibald Gluck. The “buffa” and“seria” types of this art form were denounced by Gluck in his preface to one work in this genre.
ANSWER: opera [accept reform opera or opera buffa or opera seria]
[10h] In his preface to Alceste, Gluck also suggested removing the “dry” variant of this delivery style in opera. “Accompanied” variants of this form of sung speech are an intermediary between its “dry” type and arias.
ANSWER: recitative [or recitativo; accept dry recitative or accompanied recitative]
[10e] Gluck’s reforms also emphasized that this other musical form in an opera should be more thematically related to the following content. This form of musical introduction usually precedes the opera itself.
ANSWER: overture
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