Answer the following about methods used to quantify antibody–antigen binding affinities. For 10 points each:
[10m] This word partially names an effect where plasmon resonances change intensity due to binding events. This word also names an “enhanced” form of Raman spectroscopy used to detect trace biomarkers on gold nanoparticles.
ANSWER: surface [accept surface plasmon resonances; or SPRs; accept localized surface plasmons or LSPs; accept surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy or SERS]
[10e] Direct thermodynamic data for binding can be obtained using the isothermal titration form of this technique, whose “bomb” type measures heat of reactions at constant volume and can be crudely done with Styrofoam cups.
ANSWER: calorimetry [accept isothermal titration calorimetry or ITC; accept bomb calorimetry or constant-volume calorimetry]
[10h] A form of this technique measures antibody affinity by finding equilibrium concentrations of free ligands across a semi-permeable membrane. The Donnan type of this technique alternatively uses ion exchange membranes.
ANSWER: dialysis [accept equilibrium dialysis; accept Donnan dialysis]
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